Maharatna, Navratna, Miniratna

Maharatna

In 2009, the government established the Maharatna status, which raises a company’s investment ceiling from Rs. 1,000 crore to Rs. 5,000 crore. The Maharatna firms would now be free to decide on investments up to 15 per cent of their net worth in a project.Earlier, the Navaratna companies could invest up to Rs 1,000 crore without government approvals.

Criteria for Maharatna

In order to qualify as a Maharatna, a company must have:

·         Three years with an annual net profit of over Rs.2500 crore

·         Net worth of Rs. 10,000 crore

·         Turnover of Rs. 20,000 crore

Maharatna companies are given below:

1. Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
2. Coal India Limited
3. GAIL (India) Limited
4. Indian Oil Corporation Limited
5. NTPC Limited
6. Oil & Natural Gas Corporation Limited
7. Steel Authority of India Limited

Navratna

The Navratna status is offered to PSEs, which gives a company enhanced financial and operational autonomy and empowers it to invest up to Rs. 1000 crore or 15% of their net worth on a single project without seeking government approval. In a year, these companies can spend up to 30% of their net worth not exceeding Rs. 1000 cr. They will also have the freedom to enter joint ventures, form alliances and float subsidiaries abroad.

Criteria for Navratna 

Navratna status is conferred by Department of Public Enterprises. To be qualified as a Navratna, the company must obtain a score of 60 (out of 100). The score is based on six parameters which include net profit to net worth, total manpower cost to total cost of production or cost of services, PBDIT (Profit Before Depreciation, Interest and Taxes) to capital employed, PBDIT to turnover, EPS (Earning Per Share) and inter-sectoral performance. Additionally, a company must first be a Miniratna and have four independent directors on its board before it can be made a Navratna.

Navratna companies are given below:

1. Bharat Electronics Limited
2. Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
3. Hindustan Aeronautics Limited
4. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
5. Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited
6. National Aluminium Company Limited
7. NMDC Limited
8. Neyveli Lignite Corporation Limited
9. Oil India Limited
10. Power Finance Corporation Limited
11. Power Grid Corporation of India Limited
12. Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited
13. Rural Electrification Corporation Limited
14. Shipping Corporation of India Limited

Miniratna Category - I

In addition, the government created another category called Miniratna. Miniratnas can also enter into joint ventures, set subsidiary companies and overseas offices but with certain conditions. In 2002, there were 41 government enterprises that were awarded Miniratna status.

Category I

This designation applies to PSEs that have made profits continuously for the last three years or earned a net profit of Rs. 30 crore or more in one of the three years. These miniratnas granted certain autonomy like incurring capital expenditure without government approval up to Rs. 500 crore or equal to their net worth, whichever is lower.

1. Airports Authority of India
2. Antrix Corporation Limited
3. Balmer Lawrie & Co. Limited
4. Bharat Dynamics Limited
5. BEML Limited
6. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited
7. Bridge & Roof Company (India) Limited
8. Central Warehousing Corporation
9. Central Coalfields Limited
10. Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited
11. Cochin Shipyard Limited
12. Container Corporation of India Limited
13. Dredging Corporation of India Limited
14. Engineers India Limited
15. Ennore Port Limited
16. Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Limited
17. Goa Shipyard Limited
18. Hindustan Copper Limited
19. HLL Lifecare Limited
20. Hindustan Newsprint Limited
21. Hindustan Paper Corporation Limited
22. Housing & Urban Development Corporation Limited
23. India Tourism Development Corporation Limited
24. Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Limited
25. IRCON International Limited
26. KIOCL Limited
27. Mazagaon Dock Limited
28. Mahanadi Coalfields Limited
29. Manganese Ore (India) Limited
30. Mangalore Refinery & Petrochemical Limited
31. Mishra Dhatu Nigam Limited
32. MMTC Limited
33. MSTC Limited
34. National Fertilizers Limited
35. National Seeds Corporation Limited
36. NHPC Limited
37. Northern Coalfields Limited
38. Numaligarh Refinery Limited
39. ONGC Videsh Limited
40. Pawan Hans Helicopters Limited
41. Projects & Development India Limited
42. Railtel Corporation of India Limited
43. Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Limited
44. RITES Limited
45. SJVN Limited
46. Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India Limited
47. South Eastern Coalfields Limited
48. State Trading Corporation of India Limited
49. Telecommunications Consultants India Limited
50. THDC India Limited
51. Western Coalfields Limited
52. WAPCOS Limited

Miniratna Category-II

Category II

This category includes those PSEs which have made profits for the last three years continuously and should have a positive net worth. Category II miniratnas have autonomy to incurring the capital expenditure without government approval up to Rs. 300 crore or up to 50% of their net worth whichever is lower.

53. Bharat Pumps & Compressors Limited
54. Broadcast Engineering Consultants (I) Limited
55. Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited
56. Ed.CIL (India) Limited
57. Engineering Projects (India) Limited
58. FCI Aravali Gypsum & Minerals India Limited
59. Ferro Scrap Nigam Limited
60. HMT (International) Limited
61. HSCC (India) Limited
62. India Trade Promotion Organisation
63. Indian Medicines & Pharmaceuticals Corporation Limited
64. M E C O N Limited
65. National Film Development Corporation Limited
66. National Small Industries Corporation Limited
67. P E C Limited
68. Rajasthan Electronics & Instruments Limited