SURYA
The Surya missile was speculated
to be an ICBM being developed by India. The first report about the Surya
missile was published by The Nonproliferation Review in 1995.
According to a report published
in The Nonproliferation Review, in the Winter of 1995, Surya is the codename for the first Intercontinental
Ballistic Missile that India is reported to be developing. The DRDO is believed
to have begun the project in 1994. This report has not been confirmed by any
other sources until 2010. Officials of the Indian government have repeatedly
denied the existence of the project.
According to the report, the
Surya is an intercontinental-range, surface-based, solid and liquid propellant
ballistic missile. The report further adds that Surya is the most ambitious
project in India's Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme. The Surya
is speculated to have a range between 10,000 to 16,000 kilometers. As the
missile is yet to be developed, the specifications of the missile are not known
and the entire program continues to remain highly secretive. It is believed to
be a three-stage design, with the first two stages using solid propellants and
the third-stage using liquid.
Class: ICBM
Lasing: Surface based, underwater based (in certain strategic
areas) and submarine based is its most important aspect which may range above
10,000 km.
Length: 40.00 m.
Diameter: 1.1m.
Launch Weight: 55,000 kg.
Propulsion: First/second stage solid, third liquid.
Warhead Capabilities: 3-10 nuclear warheads of 250-750 kilotons
each.
Status: Development/developed but to be tested.
In Service: 2015.
Range: 10,000 - 16,000 km.
SHAURYA
The Shaurya missile is a canister
launched hypersonic surface-to-surface tactical missile developed by the Indian
Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO) for use by the Indian
Armed Forces. It has a range of between 750 to 1900 km and is capable of
carrying a payload of one ton conventional or nuclear warhead. It gives the
potential to strike in the short-intermediate range against any adversary.
The Shaurya missile is speculated
to be the land version of the under-water Sagarika K-15 missile, although DRDO
officials have reportedly denied its connection with the K-15 program Shaurya
is stored in a composite canister, which makes it much easier to store for long
periods without maintenance as well as to handle and transport. It also houses
the gas generator to eject the missile from the canister before its solid
propellant motors take over to hurl it at the intended target.
Shaurya missiles can remain
hidden or camouflaged in underground silos from enemy surveillance or
satellites till they are fired from the special storage-cum-launch canisters.
DRDO scientists admit that given Shaurya's limited range at present, either the
silos will have to be constructed closer to India's borders or an extended
range version will have to be developed. Defence scientists say the high-speed,
two-stage Shaurya is highly maneuverable which also makes it less vulnerable to
existing anti-missile defence systems. Shaurya can reach a velocity of Mach 7.5
even at low altitudes. On November 12 2008, the missile reached a velocity of
Mach 5 as it crossed a distance of 300 km, with a surface temperature of 700°
Celsius. The missile performed rolls to spread the heat uniformly on its
surface. Flight time is between 500 seconds and 700 seconds. It has been
described as a complex system with high-performance navigation and guidance
systems, efficient propulsion systems, state-of-the-art control technologies
and canisterised launch. It can be easily transported by road and launched by TEL.
The missile, encased in a canister, is mounted on a single vehicle, which has
only a driver’s cabin, and the vehicle itself is the launch platform. This
“single vehicle solution” reduces its signature – it cannot be easily detected
by satellites – and makes its deployment easy. The gas generator, located at
the bottom of the canister, fires for about a second and a half. It produces
high pressure gas, which expands and ejects the missile from the tube. The
missile has six motors; the first one is the motor in the gas generator. The
centerpiece of a host of new technologies incorporated in Shourya is its ring
laser gyroscope and accelerometer. The ring laser gyroscope was tested &
integrated by the Research Center Imarat (RCI) based in Hyderabad.
Shaurya missile was revealed to
be designed specifically to be fired from submarines. A top DRDO scientist has
confirmed this and further said that after taking off and reaching a height of
about 50 km, the missile will start flying like a Hypersonic cruise missile.
Once it reaches the target area it will maneuver towards the target before
striking with an accuracy of 20 to 30 m within the target area.
Shaurya was first test fired on
November 12, 2008. The missile was launched from an underground facility with
an in-built canister from Complex-3 of the Integrated Test Range at Chandipur.The
missile was successfully test-fired for the third time, from the Integrated
Test Range at Chandipur, Orissa, on Saturday 24th September-2011, in its final
configuration. The missile flew at 7.5 Mach, that is, 7.5 times the speed of
sound and covered its full range of 700 km in 500 seconds. After this test, the
missile is ready for production and induction into the Navy.
SAGARIKA
K-15 Sagarika is a nuclear-capable submarine launched
ballistic missile with a range of 700 kilometres (435 mi). It belongs to the K
Missile family.
Development of the K-15 missile
started in the late 1990s with the goal of building a submarine-launched
ballistic missile for use with the Indian Navy nuclear-powered Arihant class
submarines. Sagarika has a length of 10 metres (33 ft), diameter of 0.74 metres
(2 ft 5 in), weighs 17 tonnes and can carry a payload of up to 1,000 kilograms
(2,205 lb) over 700 kilometres (435 mi). It was developed at the DRDO’s missile
complex in Hyderabad. The missile forms a part of the triad in India's nuclear
deterrence, and will provide retaliatory nuclear strike capability.
The development of the underwater
missile launcher, known as Project 420, was completed in 2001 and handed over
to the Indian Navy for trials. The missile launcher is developed at Hazira in
Gujarat.
The missile was successfully test
fired seven times, and tested to its full range up to four times. The tests of
February 26, 2008 was conducted from a submerged pontoon 50 metres (160 ft)
beneath the surface off the coast of Visakhapatnam.
A land-based version of the K-15
Sagarika was successfully test-fired on November 12, 2008. The Sagarika missile
is being integrated with India's nuclear-powered Arihant class submarine that
began sea trials on the 26 July 2009.
The latest test of the K-15
missile was done on 11 March 2012. The missile was tested up to its full 700 KM
range.
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